Francis Fukuyama

Depuis sa première parution en 1992, ce livre a suscité de nombreuses polémiques. On a cru le réfuter, avec facilité. N'annonçait-il pas la "fin de l'Histoire" et le triomphe mondial de la démocratie libérale ? Or, si l'on a vu s'effondrer les derniers totalitarismes, la victoire idéologique, géopolitique et historique de l'Occident que semblait prophétiser Fukuyama n'a pas eu lieu. Sans doute, et le philosophe le sait bien. Son propos est autre : sa perspective est mondialiste ; l'idéal de la démocratie libérale, affirme-t-il, ne peut être amélioré sur le plan des principes. Au coeur de sa réflexion, la conviction qu'il faut continuer de penser l'histoire de l'humanité comme cohérente et orientée. Le devenir de la démocratie mérite qu'on médite les réflexions de Fukuyama : plus subtiles que l'image schématique qui s'est imposée d'elles, elles aident à penser un monde chaotique.

A defence of liberalism by the renowned political philosopher'We need more thinkers as wise as Fukuyama digging their fingers into the soil of our predicament' The New York Times'A brilliantly acute summary of the way some aspects of liberal thought have consumed themselves' Guardian'One of the West's most interesting public intellectuals' Times'Hard to think of a better case for liberal centrism' FTLiberalism - the comparatively mild-mannered sibling to the more ardent camps of nationalism and socialism - has never been so divisive as today. From Putin's populism, the Trump administration and autocratic rulers in democracies the world over, it has both thrived and failed under identity politics, authoritarianism, social media and a weakened free press the world over. Since its inception following the post-Reformation wars, liberalism has come under attack from conservatives and progressives alike, and today is dismissed by many as an 'obsolete doctrine'. In this brilliant and concise exposition, Francis Fukuyama sets out the cases for and against its classical premises: observing the rule of law, independence of judges, means over ends, and most of all, tolerance. Pithy, to the point, and ever pertinent, this is political dissection at its very best.